Tøffner-Clausen et al. (2016) presented the in-flight scalar calibration and characterisation of the Swarm magnetometry package consisting of the absolute scalar magnetometer, the vector magnetometer, and the spacecraft structure supporting the instruments. A significant improvement in the scalar residuals between the pairs of magnetometers is demonstrated, confirming the high performance of these instruments. Read more
Using a 46-year-long dataset of the thermospheric density during 1967–2012, Liu (2016) examined the inter-annual variability in the thermosphere at 400 km and its potential connection to El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). Wavelet analysis reveals two major modes of the thermosphere inter-annual oscillation, with the slower mode having an average period of ~64 months and the faster mode of ~28 months. Read more
![[Frontier Letter] Simulation study of atmosphere–ionosphere variations driven by the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai on 15 January 2022](https://www.earth-planets-space.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Figure_20240227-1-80x38.jpg)
![[Frontier Letter] A brief review of single silicate crystal paleointensity: rock-magnetic characteristics, mineralogical backgrounds, methods and applications](https://www.earth-planets-space.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/40623_2024_1994_Figa_HTML-1-80x33.jpeg)
